Introduction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition that can impact a man’s confidence, relationships, and overall quality of life. While there are many treatments available, some men choose a penile implant as a long-term solution, especially when other options don’t work. However, one of the biggest concerns for patients considering this surgery is how their penile length will be affected.

Introduction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) happens when a man struggles to get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual activity. This condition can result from issues with nerves, blood flow, hormones, or mental health. ED is common, especially as men age, with about 37% of men aged 70–75 experiencing it.

Introduction

Sexual motivation involves the brain’s emotional, thinking, and movement systems working together to drive actions like approaching or initiating sexual activity. Sexual arousal and lying can affect brain activity, which can be measured through motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). MEPs are signals recorded from muscles when specific brain areas, like the motor cortex, are stimulated using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which uses electromagnetic pulses to temporarily activate parts of the brain.

Introduction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common issue after prostate surgery, known as radical prostatectomy (RP), with rates varying widely between 10% and 87%. This range is due to factors like patient age, differing definitions of ED, and sometimes overly positive self-reports. ED after RP significantly impacts quality of life and can contribute to depression, as it affects men’s sense of self and masculinity.

Introduction

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to evaluate treatments for low sexual interest and arousal in women. PROs are questionnaires that measure symptoms and treatment effects based on what participants report. The FDA suggests recording these frequently to avoid inaccuracies due to memory issues. Shorter recall periods, like 24-hour diaries, may capture more accurate details but can become tiring for participants, reducing their willingness to complete the study. Longer recall periods, such as monthly reports, are easier to complete but one’s memory of their experience may be influenced by unrelated events or recent experiences.

Introduction

Gender incongruence (GI) occurs when a person’s gender identity doesn’t match the gender they were assigned at birth, sometimes leading to significant mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts. These issues often stem from both the internal conflict of gender misalignment and external pressures such as stigma and hiding one’s true identity.